Abstract Objective: To investigate the clinical features of patients with definite vestibular migraine (dVM). Methods: A total of 91 patients with vestibular symptoms accompanied by migraines/migrainelike symptoms were enrolled and diagnosed according to the criteria of the Bárány Society and the International Headache Society. Baseline data were collected. Videonystagmography and immune-related laboratory tests were performed. Results: Among the 91 patients, 62 (68.1%) had dVM (11 men, 51 women). Among dVM patients, migraine occurred earlier than vestibular symptoms in 42 (67.7%) patients. Spontaneous vertigo occurred in 41 (66.1%) patients. Induced vertigo occurred in 21 (33.9%) patients. Motion sickness occurred in 33 (53.2%) patients. Central oculomotor dysfunction was observed in 11 (17.7%) patients. Caloric test revealed unilateral horizontal semicircular canal dysfunction in 12 (19.4%) patients. Severe intolerance during the test occurred in 44 (71.0%) patients with dVM. 12 (19.4%) patients showed abnormal immune-related indicators. Conclusion: dVM is more common in women. The onset of migraine precedes that of vestibular symptoms, which are often accompanied by photophobia and phonophobia. Motion sickness and severe caloric test intolerance can contribute to the diagnosis of dVM. Immunological indicators are abnormal in some patients with dVM, dVM may be secondary or an accompanying disorder, but the causal relationship needs further investigation. Level of evidence: IV.

Abstract (S)-(-)-N-[2-(3-Hydroxy-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-indol-3-yl)-ethyl]-acetamide (EA), a new compound isolated from the plant Selaginella pulvinata, has been identified to possess anti-proliferative effects against SK-mel-110 cells in vitro via upregulating the expression of inhibitor of growth family member 4. The present study aimed to investigate whether EA could exert antitumor effects against colon cancer. The results revealed that EA exerted anti-proliferative effects against a broad spectrum of different types of tumor and could induce apoptosis of colon cancer cells via the signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 pathway. It was demonstrated that treating tumor-bearing mice with EA significantly inhibited colon tumor growth in a xenograft tumor model and syngeneic tumor model. Furthermore, EA treatment reshaped the tumor microenvironment by decreasing myeloid-derived suppressor cell accumulation and increasing the tumor infiltrating lymphocytes. The results from the present study suggest that EA could be developed as a potential antitumor drug against colon cancer.

Abstract Shock environment assessment and improvement during stage separation is an important issue of concern in aerospace engineering. This paper focuses on shock response caused by dynamic fracture of aluminum alloy separation plate, which usually undergoes mixed mode loading during separation. Based on Split Hopkinson Tensile Bar (SHTB) apparatus, five groups of U-notched ZL205A specimens with different loading angles (0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, and 90°) are designed to simulate mixed mode loading for shock characteristics testing. There piezoelectric accelerometers are used to measure the acceleration time histories, and the maximum shock response spectrum (SRS) are applied for shock data analysis. Meanwhile, the ANSYS/LS-DYNA finite element software is implemented for numerical analysis. The actual fracture angles measured from the recovered specimens are used to describe the actual fracture modes. The numerical and experimental results are in good agreement, showing that the shock response along the specimen’s length and thickness directions increases with the fracture angle, while there is a slight distinction in the specimen’s width direction with different fracture angles. On average, the shock response is more remarkable in pure tensile fracture mode, which is 2.6 times the pure shear fracture mode. As a result, increasing the study of shear fracture component is meaningful for the shock reduction through the structural design of separation plate.